분류 | Mber of HUVECs and EPCs that was observed in these cells

• Halley
• 24-05-09 01:15
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Mber of HUVECs and EPCs that was observed in these cells after 7 days in 3D culture when cultured alone. Interestingly, the study revealed that microvessel-like structures only developed when dexamethasone was added to culture medium. Dexamethasone is known to induce an osteogenic phenotype in BMSCs, which will alter growth factor Lenvatinib and extracellular matrix (ECM) protein release by these cells. However, the underlying molecular interactions and alterations during this development remained unclear [37]. Another study investigated the expression of different angiogenic factors (FGF-2, transforming growth factor beta 1 [ TGFB1] and vascular endothelial growth factor A [ VEGFA]) and osteogenic marker genes (collagen type 1 alpha 1 [COL1A1], integrin-binding sialoprotein [IBSP], and transcription factor 7 [SP7]) of BMSCs via qPCR after 7 days in different culture media. While cells cultured in osteogenic medium supplemented with dexamethasone showed enhanced expression of osteogenic marker genes, they showed a significant lower expression of angiogenic genes compared to BMSCs cultured with growth medium free of dexamethasone. These data were further supplemented by an experimental setup using endothelial colony forming cells (ECFCs) and BMSC-conditioned media. While BMSC-conditioned growth medium increased angiogenic stimulation, PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3081428 the addition of dexamethasone showed minimal angiogenic potential [42]. Furthermore, not only culture medium but also matrix composition and cell-cell ratios altered the potential of ECs co-cultured with BMSCs to form tubular networks. Using a collagen Type I 3D matrix for co-culturing HUVECs with BMSCs resultedin a decreased vasculogenic response compared to fibrincontaining matrixes [38]. On the other hand, the ratio between ECs to BMSCs was not a strong modulator of the network development. However, a high EC:BMSC ratio (5:1) showed unstable vessel formation compared to lower ratios [38]. BMSCs did not only promote outgrowth of ECs but also showed a stabilizing function of new vessels, by acting as mural cells and controlling permeability. In contrast to a 3D co-culture model of HUVECs with fibroblasts, HUVECs co-cultured with BMSCs in the same 3D model showed a higher control in permeability due to a higher number of cell-cell adherent junctions between ECs. Vessels supported by BMSCs also showed slower promotion of vessel formation, leading to a higher rate of branches and therefore shorter vessels, which are features indicating physiological vessel growth [43]. While BMSCs provided angiogenic factors and stabilized vascular networks in vitro, PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9221828 they could also act as osteogenic progenitors, forming mineralized bone matrix, thus providing an approach for bone tissue engineering (Fig. 2). Temporal variation of the medium can induce not only the development of vascular networks but also osteogenic differentiation in one and the same co-culture system of HUVECs and BMSCs in vitro, suggesting that BMSCs act as pericytes; the BMSCs even maintained their ability to undergo osteogenesis [44]. To analyze the intercellular communication between BMSCs and ECs, global gene expression was studied. BMSCs and HUVECs were co-cultured for 5 and 15 days to observe relative alterations to the BMSCs previous to co-culture with HUVECs. In this direct culture model, genes related to angiogenesis (vWF, CD31, VE-cadherin, angiopoietin-related protein 4, and CD34) were upregulated. Additionally, the results indicated that the effects of E.

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